GUIDE TO SELF-SUFFICIENCY

With escalating domestic bills and flooding on the rise,
it’s time we were more self-sufficient   

Stewart Mitchell - The Sunday Times
02.03.2008

You don’t need to be a tree-hugger or a Felicity Kendal fetishist to dabble with self-sufficiency. Last summer’s floods left more than 300,000 Britons without fresh water and 50,000 without power, and 2008 is shaping up to be another bumper year for kayak sales. If things do go wrong, many of us lack the wherewithal to fend for our family. But it doesn’t have to be that way.

A little research and preparation can save your bacon – or at least leave you less reliant on supermarkets. Whether you want to generate your own electricity to beat potential power cuts (and Russian gas-baron price hikes) or simply keep a few chickens for fresh eggs in case you get snowed in, the web is the ultimate utility – at least until it goes down.

BACK TO BASICS

Self-sufficiency websites are generally rough around the edges, focusing on content and compost rather than flashy graphics, and the UK-based www.selfsufficientish.com is no exception. Without being environmentally kooky, it is packed with practical things such as alternatives to mains-supplied water and is full of handy links to like-minded sites. It also boasts quirky ideas from enthusiastic contributors around the world.

Take, for example, the Australian Nev Sweeney’s improvised hay box cooker, in which a casserole full of freshly boiled ingredients can maintain its heat for up to 20hr in order to cook a hearty beef stew under its own residual heat. It works like a slow-cooker but needs no external power.

The problem with many such sites, though, is that they are often more about downsizing or saving the planet than putting food on your plate, and this can soon grate. The better sites, such as Allotment.org.uk, avoid this trap, though; see tinyurl.com/34npvl for down-to-earth tips and even a practical advisory service for the budding smallholder.

CHICKEN FEED

With celebrity chefs such as Jamie Oliver and Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall promoting free-range birds for meat or eggs, the chicken’s stock has arguably never been higher. Keeping a few hens in the garden provides eggs for a family, and they make great pets for children. The Poultry Club of Great Britain has a solid advice section on all aspects of rearing, at tinyurl.com/2u8gg3 . Birds cost about £10 a head depending on breed but should give you an egg most mornings. For the occasional omelette you won’t need a cock for your flock – they make too much noise for the suburbs and can be aggressive – so unless you’re breeding for the pot, opt for an all-female harem.

Whatever breed you choose, your feathered friends need a home, and the newbie-friendly www.omlet.co.uk supplies nifty Eglu houses and runs for hens that will blend into an Islington back garden. The company even provides the birds. Eglu prices start at £360, but there’s nothing to stop you cobbling something together from scrap wood, as long as it’s foxproof. For ideas on coop designs try www.backyardchickens.com.

If the husbandry bug bites, and space allows, www.smallholder.co.uk has good articles on the fundaments of raising animals, from alpacas to bees. On that note, the touching Beekeeper’s Diary at www.conwy-valley.org.uk is genuinely sweet.

GREEN FINGERS

If your garden is to be an emergency resource, a vegetable patch is a must. Dinner is on your doorstep and a leek pulled from the ground minutes before going in the pot tastes far better than one that’s wallowed in a warehouse for a week. This requires a commitment of time and effort, but is very satisfying. Most homegrowers start with a few herbs in pots, or a tomato patch, and graduate to a fuller garden.

Keeping edible goodies in the ground all year requires some planning, and even crop rotation. Thankfully, www.gardenaction.co.uk has a simple calendar and a forum in which gnomish types often answer queries.

Start by positioning a plot in full sunlight, away from trees and hedges, which leech water and nutrients. Then dig around the Times Online guide at tinyurl.com/2bq3cl , where the spadework has been done for you. To expand your harvest variety www.seedsofitaly.com sells all manner of seeds.

TACKLE THIRST

Drought and floods, potentially caused by climate change, will have a big impact on water supplies, say experts at www.water.org.uk/home/policy/ climate-change . The possibility of changing weather patterns makes it imperative to have a supply of drinking water to hand. Opinion is split about the shelf life of bottled water so consider replacing any stores at least once every two years. Or if the stomach-churning truths at www.water-pollution.org.uk put you off mains water for good, the alternative is to sink a well or borehole on your property, which if fitted professionally should banish water bills and additives such as fluoride. However, a site inspection must be carried out by the Environment Agency, and a new installation costs between £5,000 and £15,000. The Groundwater Forum has practical tips at tinyurl.com/youcua.

For a quick fix, the water purification tablets aimed at backpackers will keep you hydrated in an emergency, although better still is the SteriPEN Adventurer water purifier (www.steripen.com), which uses ultraviolet light to destroy 99% of microbes in less than a minute.

WOOD WARMTH

With water and a belly full of food, all is good with the world, but as power supplies become less reliable and the weather more freakish, keeping warm becomes an issue.

A wood-burning stove can be built into most homes, even in smoke-free areas, and will give enough heat to warm all but the largest of houses. Expert advice is recommended, though, and www.stovesonline.co.uk offers guidance on building regulation requirements and a good range of multi-fuel stoves.

Wood is a good carbon-neutral, renewable energy source. The Forestry Commission has done extensive research on this and offers practical PDF-based resources at tinyurl.com/2y6wmc .

Still not convinced? The Log Pile (www.nef.org.uk/logpile) quotes running costs of wood stoves as lower than electricity and gas, so you won’t necessarily want to wait until the next natural disaster to fire the beauty up. The site, run by the National Energy Foundation, says electric heating costs 3.9p to 7.6p per kilowatt hour (kWh), gas 2.8p, and woodchip from 1.5p to 2.1p. Logs can be free, but the cost can rise to 5.1p per kWh if they are bought in small quantities. Finding renewable wood can be trickier, but www.bigbarn.co.uk/logpile/ indexen.php is an excellent sourcing tool.

BRIGHT SPARK

Most of us don’t have a stream to harness for free electricity, but that doesn’t mean we can’t generate a little backyard buzz, either from solar panels or from wind turbines. With politicians keen to prove their green credentials, grants are available from the Low Carbon Building Programme (www.lowcarbonbuildings.org.uk ) for certain micro-generation technologies.

Wind systems use an inverter and controller to convert DC electricity to AC. Any excess electricity can be exported to the grid and sold to the local electricity supply company. According to the Department for Business Enterprise and Regulatory Reform, an emergency back-up supply of 1kW might cost £1,500, whereas a 2.5kW to 6kW self-sufficiency system would cost between £10,000 and £25,000 installed.

In a power cut, the food in your freezer will last about eight hours, Southern Electric advises at tinyurl.com/35j7ct . Fear not: Machinemart.co.uk sells a 2.0kVA generator powered by a reliable four-stroke Honda petrol engine that can provide the equivalent of mains power for £305, at tinyurl.com/3e4t9g .

This should be sufficient to run some lights, a freezer and even your laptop. Remember, though, that if you store petrol, it has to be kept somewhere safe.

Land rovers go beyond

InGear teamed up with Land Rover, the Royal Geographic Society and the Institute of British Geographers two months ago to offer readers the chance to win funding for a trip of a lifetime. Now we have a winner.

The judging panel from The Sunday Times and RGS-IBG have given their backing to a group called Team Latitude. The team has come up with an ambitious plan to circumnavigate the world along a single line of latitude, 50 degrees north. They will receive a Land Rover 110 Defender for the trip, and a £10,000 grant.

The expedition plans to leave Cornwall in the spring and travel overland through Europe, central Asia and Canada. Along the way they will observe and record how changes in climate affect people’s lives.

Spike Reid, the leader, said: “All team members are massively interested in geography, so this is a real once-in-a-lifetime experience. We can’t wait to get started.”

Nick Rufford, InGear editor and judging panel member, said: “We were deluged with applications, showing our readers’ thirst for adventure. We wish Team Latitude the best of luck on their journey.”

1. Avoid eating out on holidays and Saturday nights. The volume of customers guarantees that most kitchens will be pushed beyond their ability to produce a high-quality meal.

2. There are almost never any sick days in the restaurant business. A busboy with a child to support isn't going to stay home and miss out on $100 because he's got strep throat.

3. When customers make personal attacks, adulterating food or drink is a convenient way for servers to exact covert vengeance. Waiters can and do spit in people's food.

4. Never say "I'm friends with the owner." Restaurant owners don't have friends. This marks you as a clueless poseur the moment you walk in the door.

5. Treat others as you want to be treated.

6. Don't snap your fingers to get attention.

7. Don't order meals that aren't on the menu. You're forcing the chef to cook something he doesn't make on a regular basis, and it won’t be as good.

8. Splitting entrées is okay, but don't ask for water, lemon, and sugar so you can make your own lemonade.

9. If you find a waiter you like, always ask to be seated in his or her section. Tell all your friends so they'll start asking for that server as well. The server will be grateful and take good care of you.

10. If you can't afford to leave a tip, you can't afford to eat in the restaurant.

11. Always examine the check. Sometimes large parties are unaware that a gratuity has been added to the bill, so they tip on top of it. Waiters "facilitate" this error.

12. If you want to hang out, that's fine. But increase the tip to make up for money the server would have made if he or she had had another seating at that table.

13. Never, ever come in 15 minutes before closing time. While you're chitchatting over salads, your entrées will be languishing under the heat lamp while the dishwasher is spraying industrial-strength, carcinogenic cleaning solvents in their immediate vicinity.

This is great information - but we've known that going out to eat often leads to mild food poisoning. Considering that many workers don't necessarily wash carefully after you-know-whatting.

However, many people have a great deal of stomach acid which kills a lot of things.

Also, they say, when eating Sushi, a little alcohol helps prevent food "issues." Of course these days, Sushi fish is frozen a good long while to kill pathogens and parasites.

Our bodies are quite strong, and can take a little sputum and pus... after all, it's in every burger!

That said, we seldom go out to eat anymore. If ever!

13 points from http://www.rd.com/advice-and-know-how/waiters-share-restaurant-stories/article82785.html


Grow your own organic fruits and vegetables.
Grow Heirloom seeds so that you can collect seeds for next year.